7. Surgery (Bunionectomy)
For severe bunions that significantly impact daily activities and don’t respond to conservative treatment, surgery may be the best option. Bunion surgery, or bunionectomy, is a procedure that realigns the bones, ligaments, and tendons in the foot to correct malalignment and remove the bony protrusion.
There are different types of bunion surgery, depending on the severity of the condition:
Osteotomy: The surgeon cuts and realigns the bone to correct the position of the big toe.
Exosteotomy: The surgeon removes part of the bony protrusion but doesn’t realign the bone. Often performed in conjunction with an osteotomy.
Arthrodesis: In severe cases or arthritic bunions, the surgeon fuses the joint to prevent further movement and pain.
Recovery from bunion surgery typically lasts from a few weeks to several months and includes wearing a cast or surgical boot, physical therapy, and a gradual return to normal activities. While surgery is effective, it is generally considered a last resort due to the recovery time and potential risks.
Bunion Prevention
While bunions cannot always be prevented, especially if they are hereditary, there are steps you can take to minimize the risk:
Wear wide-toed shoes and avoid high heels: Well-fitting shoes that allow your toes to move freely can reduce the risk of bunions.
Support your feet: If you have flat feet or other structural problems, consider using orthotics to improve foot mechanics.
Take breaks: If you stand a lot, take regular breaks to reduce pressure on your toes and prevent joint strain.
Maintain a healthy weight: Excess weight can put additional pressure on your feet, potentially exacerbating foot problems like bunions.
Bunions are a common but often painful foot condition that can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. While conservative treatments, such as wearing appropriate footwear, using bunion protectors, and performing toe exercises, can provide relief and slow the progression of the condition, in severe cases, surgery may be necessary. The key to managing bunions is early intervention and ongoing care to prevent them from worsening. By taking proactive steps, you can minimize discomfort, maintain foot health, and enjoy an active lifestyle.
